在项目编译成 dll 之前，如何分析项目的所有依赖呢？可以在在项目的 Target 中去收集项目的依赖。
本文将说明如何在 Target 中收集项目依赖的所有 dll 的文件路径。
编写 Target
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<Target Name="WalterlvDemoTarget" BeforeTargets="CoreCompile">
<Message Text="References:" />
<Message Text="@(Reference)" />
</Target>
这个 Target 的作用是将项目的所有 Reference 节点作为集合输出出来。然而实际上如果真的编译这个项目，会发现我们得到的结果有一些问题：
- 实际上其值就是写到每一个 Reference 里面的字符串的集合
- 比如引用了 System.Xaml，那么这里就会是 System.Xaml
- 如果引用是通过 ProjectReference 进行的项目引用，那么这里就没有目标项目的 dll
所以，我们需要一个新的属性来查找引用的 dll。通过 研究 Microsoft.NET.Sdk 的源码，我发现有 ReferencePath 属性可以使用，于是将 Target 改为这样：
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<Target Name="WalterlvDemoTarget" BeforeTargets="CoreCompile;ResolveAssemblyReference">
<Message Text="ReferencePaths:" />
<Message Text="@(ReferencePath)" />
</Target>
现在得到的所有依赖字符串则没有以上的问题。
注意，我在 BeforeTargets 上增加了一个 ResolveAssemblyReference。
以上 Target 的输出
引用通常很多，所以我将以上的输出单独放到这里来，避免影响到上面一节知识的阅读。
Reference 的输出
可以看到，Reference 的输出几乎就是 Reference 中写的字符串本身。
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CefSharp, Version=57.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=40c4b6fc221f4138, processorArchitecture=x86
CefSharp.Core, Version=57.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=40c4b6fc221f4138, processorArchitecture=x86
CefSharp.WinForms, Version=57.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=40c4b6fc221f4138, processorArchitecture=x86
Microsoft.Expression.Interactions, Version=4.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL
System.IO.Compression.FileSystem
System.Windows.Interactivity, Version=4.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL
WindowsFormsIntegration
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\walterlv.demopackage\1.0.0.0\lib\net47\Walterlv.DemoPackageLibrary.dll
PresentationCore
System.ComponentModel.Composition
System.Configuration
System.Windows.Forms
WindowsBase
PresentationFramework
System.Xaml
System.ServiceModel
System
System.Data
System.Data.DataSetExtensions
System.Management
System.Net.Http
System.Runtime.Serialization
System.ServiceProcess
System.Web
System.Xml
System.Xml.Linq
System.Drawing
Microsoft.CSharp
System.Core
ReferencePath 的输出
可以看到，ReferencePath 则是将所有的 dll 的路径也输出了，而且即便是项目引用，项目编译好的 dll 的路径也在。
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D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\Cef\x86\CefSharp.Core.dll
D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\Cef\x86\CefSharp.dll
D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\Cef\x86\CefSharp.WinForms.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\walterlv.demopackage\1.0.0.0\lib\net47\Walterlv.DemoPackageLibrary.dll
D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Walterlv.Library1\bin\Debug\Walterlv.Library1.dll
D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Walterlv.Library2\bin\Debug\Walterlv.Library2.dll
D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Walterlv.Library3\bin\Debug\Walterlv.Library3.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Microsoft.CSharp.dll
D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\Microsoft.Expression.Interactions.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\windowsapicodepackshell\1.1.0.8\lib\NET45\Microsoft.WindowsAPICodePack.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\windowsapicodepackshell\1.1.0.8\lib\NET45\Microsoft.WindowsAPICodePack.Shell.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\mscorlib.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\newtonsoft.json\11.0.2\lib\net45\Newtonsoft.Json.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\PresentationCore.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\PresentationFramework.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.ComponentModel.Composition.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.attributedmodel\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.AttributedModel.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.convention\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.Convention.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.hosting\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.Hosting.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.runtime\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.Runtime.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.typedparts\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.TypedParts.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Configuration.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Core.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Data.DataSetExtensions.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Data.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.data.sqlite.core\1.0.97\lib\net45\System.Data.SQLite.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Drawing.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.IO.Compression.FileSystem.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Management.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Net.Http.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Runtime.Serialization.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.ServiceModel.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.ServiceProcess.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.valuetuple\4.5.0\ref\portable-net40+sl4+win8+wp8\System.ValueTuple.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Web.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Windows.Forms.dll
D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\System.Windows.Interactivity.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Xaml.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Xml.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Xml.Linq.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\texteditorplus\1.0.0.903\lib\NET45\TextEditorPlus.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\WindowsBase.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\WindowsFormsIntegration.dll
C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\wpfmediakit\3.0.2.78\lib\NET45\WPFMediaKit.dll
obj\Debug\Interop.IWshRuntimeLibrary.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Collections.Concurrent.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Collections.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ComponentModel.Annotations.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ComponentModel.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ComponentModel.EventBasedAsync.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Diagnostics.Contracts.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Diagnostics.Debug.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Diagnostics.Tools.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Diagnostics.Tracing.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Dynamic.Runtime.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Globalization.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.IO.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Linq.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Linq.Expressions.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Linq.Parallel.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Linq.Queryable.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Net.NetworkInformation.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Net.Primitives.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Net.Requests.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ObjectModel.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Emit.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Emit.ILGeneration.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Emit.Lightweight.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Extensions.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Primitives.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Resources.ResourceManager.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Extensions.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.InteropServices.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Numerics.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Serialization.Primitives.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Serialization.Xml.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Security.Principal.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.Duplex.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.Http.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.NetTcp.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.Primitives.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.Security.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Text.Encoding.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Text.Encoding.Extensions.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Text.RegularExpressions.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Threading.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Threading.Tasks.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Threading.Tasks.Parallel.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Xml.ReaderWriter.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Xml.XDocument.dll
C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Xml.XmlSerializer.dll
解读原因
解析引用的 dll 的路径的 Task 是 ResolveAssemblyReference，你可以在 Microsoft.NET.Sdk 文件夹 中找到它。如果想知道 Task 是什么意思，可以阅读：理解 C# 项目 csproj 文件格式的本质和编译流程。
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<ResolveAssemblyReference
Assemblies="@(Reference)"
AssemblyFiles="@(_ResolvedProjectReferencePaths);@(_ExplicitReference)"
TargetFrameworkDirectories="@(_ReferenceInstalledAssemblyDirectory)"
InstalledAssemblyTables="@(InstalledAssemblyTables);@(RedistList)"
IgnoreDefaultInstalledAssemblyTables="$(IgnoreDefaultInstalledAssemblyTables)"
IgnoreDefaultInstalledAssemblySubsetTables="$(IgnoreInstalledAssemblySubsetTables)"
CandidateAssemblyFiles="@(Content);@(None)"
SearchPaths="$(AssemblySearchPaths)"
AllowedAssemblyExtensions="$(AllowedReferenceAssemblyFileExtensions)"
AllowedRelatedFileExtensions="$(AllowedReferenceRelatedFileExtensions)"
TargetProcessorArchitecture="$(ProcessorArchitecture)"
AppConfigFile="@(_ResolveAssemblyReferencesApplicationConfigFileForExes)"
AutoUnify="$(AutoUnifyAssemblyReferences)"
SupportsBindingRedirectGeneration="$(GenerateBindingRedirectsOutputType)"
IgnoreVersionForFrameworkReferences="$(IgnoreVersionForFrameworkReferences)"
FindDependencies="$(_FindDependencies)"
FindSatellites="$(BuildingProject)"
FindSerializationAssemblies="$(BuildingProject)"
FindRelatedFiles="$(BuildingProject)"
Silent="$(ResolveAssemblyReferencesSilent)"
TargetFrameworkVersion="$(TargetFrameworkVersion)"
TargetFrameworkMoniker="$(TargetFrameworkMoniker)"
TargetFrameworkMonikerDisplayName="$(TargetFrameworkMonikerDisplayName)"
TargetedRuntimeVersion="$(TargetedRuntimeVersion)"
StateFile="$(ResolveAssemblyReferencesStateFile)"
InstalledAssemblySubsetTables="@(InstalledAssemblySubsetTables)"
TargetFrameworkSubsets="@(_ReferenceInstalledAssemblySubsets)"
FullTargetFrameworkSubsetNames="$(FullReferenceAssemblyNames)"
FullFrameworkFolders="$(_FullFrameworkReferenceAssemblyPaths)"
FullFrameworkAssemblyTables="@(FullFrameworkAssemblyTables)"
ProfileName="$(TargetFrameworkProfile)"
LatestTargetFrameworkDirectories="@(LatestTargetFrameworkDirectories)"
CopyLocalDependenciesWhenParentReferenceInGac="$(CopyLocalDependenciesWhenParentReferenceInGac)"
DoNotCopyLocalIfInGac="$(DoNotCopyLocalIfInGac)"
ResolvedSDKReferences="@(ResolvedSDKReference)"
WarnOrErrorOnTargetArchitectureMismatch="$(ResolveAssemblyWarnOrErrorOnTargetArchitectureMismatch)"
IgnoreTargetFrameworkAttributeVersionMismatch ="$(ResolveAssemblyReferenceIgnoreTargetFrameworkAttributeVersionMismatch)"
FindDependenciesOfExternallyResolvedReferences="$(FindDependenciesOfExternallyResolvedReferences)"
ContinueOnError="$(ContinueOnError)"
Condition="'@(Reference)'!='' or '@(_ResolvedProjectReferencePaths)'!='' or '@(_ExplicitReference)' != ''"
>
<Output TaskParameter="ResolvedFiles" ItemName="ReferencePath"/>
<Output TaskParameter="ResolvedFiles" ItemName="_ResolveAssemblyReferenceResolvedFiles"/>
<Output TaskParameter="ResolvedDependencyFiles" ItemName="ReferenceDependencyPaths"/>
<Output TaskParameter="RelatedFiles" ItemName="_ReferenceRelatedPaths"/>
<Output TaskParameter="SatelliteFiles" ItemName="ReferenceSatellitePaths"/>
<Output TaskParameter="SerializationAssemblyFiles" ItemName="_ReferenceSerializationAssemblyPaths"/>
<Output TaskParameter="ScatterFiles" ItemName="_ReferenceScatterPaths"/>
<Output TaskParameter="CopyLocalFiles" ItemName="ReferenceCopyLocalPaths"/>
<Output TaskParameter="SuggestedRedirects" ItemName="SuggestedBindingRedirects"/>
<Output TaskParameter="FilesWritten" ItemName="FileWrites"/>
<Output TaskParameter="DependsOnSystemRuntime" PropertyName="DependsOnSystemRuntime"/>
<Output TaskParameter="DependsOnNETStandard" PropertyName="_DependsOnNETStandard"/>
</ResolveAssemblyReference>
从这个 Task 中可以看出，它还输出了以下这些属性或集合：
- ReferenceDependencyPaths
- ReferenceSatellitePaths
- ReferenceCopyLocalPaths
- 这是需要拷贝到本地的那些 dll 的路径（不含框架自带的 dll）
- SuggestedBindingRedirects
- FileWrites
- 要写入的一些缓存文件
- DependsOnSystemRuntime
- 以上都是集合，唯独这是一个布尔值，表示是否依赖系统运行时
本文会经常更新，请阅读原文： https://blog.walterlv.com/post/resolve-project-references-using-target.html ，以避免陈旧错误知识的误导，同时有更好的阅读体验。
本作品采用 知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议 进行许可。欢迎转载、使用、重新发布，但务必保留文章署名 吕毅 （包含链接： https://blog.walterlv.com ），不得用于商业目的，基于本文修改后的作品务必以相同的许可发布。如有任何疑问，请 与我联系 ([email protected]) 。